This article presents the Asiatic lion habitat at Warsaw Zoo as a practical example of designing for animal agency inside a heritage regulated institution. It shows how neuroarchitecture and sensory design were applied to create a habitat that supports pride dynamics, choice, microclimate variation, and variable feeding, while keeping staff routines clear and safe. The project was developed on the footprint of a listed exhibit and approved by the Mazovian Voivodeship Conservator of Monuments.

Paddock Paradise is a different way of thinking about space, not as a container, but as a welfare tool. This article breaks down the track model and shows how design decisions shape movement, sensory load, and a horse’s ability to self regulate.

This article presents the redesign of the polar bear habitat at Warsaw Zoo as a case study in integrating animal behaviour science, neuroarchitecture, and historic preservation. Developed within a listed monument, the project demonstrates how outdoor and indoor environments can support biological and psychological needs while maintaining architectural continuity. 

For a long time, animal welfare has focused on preventing suffering, but this article explains why that is no longer enough. It looks at animal agency and questions genetics, size, and enrichment objects as measures of welfare. Instead, it focuses on how animals experience their environment and what they are actually able to do within it. Grounded in science and zoological practice, the article points clearly to what is not working and what needs to change.

This article traces the evolution of my journey into animal architecture, from the early turning points that shaped my path, to the development of a design methodology rooted in intuition, natural systems, and deep respect for all life forms. It then looks ahead, sharing my vision for the future of architecture for animals—where spaces are created not to impress, but to restore connection, regenerate ecosystems, and honour the quiet intelligence of the natural world.